Similarities to Today
When reading Mumbo Jumbo by Ishamel Reed, the absurdness and radicality of some of the groups' ideas, such as the Wallflower Order and the Mu'tafikah, jump out to the reader as key parts of the book. When reading these parts we often disassociate what happens in Mumbo Jumbo with what is happening in our world today, both because the book was published in 1972, almost 50 years ago, and the fact that it is set in 1920s America, almost 100 years ago. Even though the events and ideas of the characters seem very far away, the ideas still exist in American society today. Many of the characters in Mumbo Jumbo , such as some members of the Mu'tafikah, are working on the empowerment of African-American culture in western/white civilization. The Mu'tafikah themselves are working on taking back the artifacts white culture has stolen from different places around the world and returning them to their original location. They believe that returning the artifacts will ...